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MCITP MCSE : Security Specialist Describe the main characteristics of VLANs. A Virtual LAN is a group of devices on one or more LANs that are configured using management software so that they can communicate as if they were attached to the same LAN segment, when in fact they are located on a number of different segments. Because VLANs are based on logical instead of physical connections, they are more flexible. For a computer to communicate with devices on different LAN segments other than the segment it is located on, requires the use of a router. And as networks expand, more routers are needed to separate users into broadcast and collision domains, and provide connectivity to other LANs. Since routers add latency, this can result in the delay of data transfer over the network. Switches are used in VLANs to create the same division of the network into separate broadcast domains, but without the latency problems of a router. Advantages to using VLANs: Switched networks increase performance, by reducing the size of collision domains. Users can be grouped into logical networks which will increase performance by limiting broadcast traffic to users performing similar functions or within individual workgroups. Less traffic needs to be routed, causing the latency added by routers to be reduced. VLANs provide an easier way to modify logical groups in changing environments. VLANs make large networks more manageable by allowing centralized configuration of devices located in physically different locations. Software configurations can be made across machines with the consolidation of a department’s resources into a single subnet. IP addresses, subnet masks, and local network protocols will be more consistent across the entire VLAN. VLANs provide independence from the physical topology of the network by allowing physically diverse workgroups to be logically connected within a single broadcast domain. A switched network delivers frames only to the intended recipients, and broadcast frames only to other members of the VLAN. This allows the network administrator to segment users requiring access to sensitive information into separate VLANs from the rest of the general user community regardless of physical location, thus enhancing security.